Dwarf Gourami – Trichogaster Lalius

The Dwarf Gourami (Trichogaster lalius) is a vibrant, peaceful freshwater fish native to South Asia. Known for their stunning iridescent colors and labyrinth organ that allows them to breathe atmospheric air, these fish make an excellent addition to a well-maintained aquarium. Their social yet calm demeanor makes them a favorite among aquarists.

Quick Overview

Common Names: Dwarf Gourami, Neon Gourami, Powder Blue Gourami, Flame Gourami
Scientific Name: Trichogaster lalius
Popularity: Popular amongst hobbyists with planted tanks, used as feature fish.
Adult Size: 3-3.5 inches (7.5-9 cm)
Lifespan: 4-6 years
Sexing: Males are more colourful, with elongated dorsal fins; females are smaller and less vibrant.
Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
pH Range: 6.0-7.5
Water Hardness: 4-10 dGH
Nature: Peaceful but territorial towards other males

Natural Habitat & Origin

Dwarf Gourami originate from slow-moving waters in India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. They are commonly found in lakes, ponds, and rice paddies with dense vegetation. In their natural habitat, they rely on plants for both shelter and food, making an ideal planted aquarium setup essential for their well-being.

Appearance & Size

Dwarf Gouramis are well-known for their bright, metallic hues ranging from blue and red to orange and neon shades. As juveniles, their colours are less pronounced, but they develop vibrant hues as they mature. Males are particularly striking, while females remain more subdued in coloration. They grow up to 3-3.5 inches (7.5-9 cm) in length, with a compressed, oval-shaped body.

Tank Requirements

Minimum Tank Size: 10 gallons (Larger needed for multiple fish)
Preferred Tank Setup: Planted tank with slow-moving water
Substrate and Decorations: Soft substrate, driftwood, and lots of live plants like Java Fern and Anubias
Tank Mate Options:  Tetras, Rasboras, Corydoras, peaceful dwarf cichlids
Avoid:  Large aggressive fish, fin-nippers like Tiger Barbs and other male Gouramis

Water Parameters & Conditions

Temperature:  72-82°F (22-28°C)
pH Range: 6.0-7.5
Water Hardness: 4-10 dGH
Filtration & Oxygenation: Slower flow filters as strong current can cause stress
Lighting: Moderate, dimmed lighting preferred to mimic natural conditions

Diet & Feeding

Dwarf Gouramis are omnivores, enjoying a mix of high-quality flakes, pellets, live, and frozen foods.

Recommended Foods:  Bloodworms, brine shrimp, daphnia, high-quality flakes.
Feeding Frequency: 2-3 times per day in small portions

Behaviour & Compatibility

Dwarf Gouramis are peaceful but can be territorial, especially among males. They do best in small groups or pairs in a community tank with non-aggressive species.

Good Tank Mates:  Neon Tetras, Harlequin Rasboras, Mollies, Guppies, Corydoras
Avoid: Other male Gouramis, aggressive or fast-swimming fish like Bettas and Barbs

Breeding

Dwarf Gouramis are bubble nest builders. Males construct a floating nest using bubbles and plant material, enticing the female to lay eggs beneath it. The male guards the nest and tends to the eggs until they hatch in about 24-36 hours. Once hatched, the fry should be moved to a separate rearing tank to ensure survival.

Common Health Issues & Prevention

Dwarf Gouramis can be susceptible to several health issues, making proper care essential for their well-being. One of the most serious diseases they can contract is Dwarf Gourami Iridovirus (DGIV), a fatal viral infection with no known cure. The best way to prevent this is by ensuring that fish are sourced from reputable breeders to reduce the risk of infection.

Another common issue is fin rot, which is typically caused by poor water quality. This bacterial infection can be prevented through regular tank maintenance, including consistent water changes and proper filtration to keep the environment clean and healthy.

Ich, also known as White Spot Disease, is another concern for Dwarf Gouramis. This parasitic infection appears as tiny white spots on the fish’s body and can be treated if detected early. Raising the tank temperature slightly and using appropriate medication can help eliminate the parasite.

To prevent these and other health problems, it is crucial to maintain clean water, provide a stress-free environment, and quarantine any new fish before introducing them to the main tank. These measures can significantly reduce the likelihood of disease and help keep Dwarf Gouramis healthy and thriving.

Fun Facts

– Dwarf Gouramis can breathe air using their labyrinth organ, allowing them to survive in oxygen-depleted water.

– Male Gouramis build intricate bubble nests for their eggs.